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With the widespread use of the personal computer, many authorities in the field of(56)have pointed out the need for computer literacy.Unfortunately, there is no(57)agreement as to what the term "computer literacy" means. Some feel that computer literacy means knowing how to make the computer "compute"; that is knowing how to program computers in one or more programming languages.Others feel that knowing how to program is merely a small segment of computer literacy. These people(58)the major emphasis in schools should be on teaching how to effectively use the many software packages that are available.Still others suggest that computer literacy education is not required. They suggest that computers are being so rapidly integrated into our society that using a computer will be as(59)as using a telephone or a video tape recorder, and that special education will not be necessary. (60)of one's definition of computer literacy, it is recognized by most that learning to use a computer is indeed an important skill in modern society.
A．culture
B．science
C．education
D．industry
The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity. The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form. Precious behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain. In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that just lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number(PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to the relevant information, without old memories interfering. And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference. When we acquire new information, the main automatically tries to incorporate(合并) it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve(检索) information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled. The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, and its importance begins to be more appreciated. A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome. In a sense, forgetting is our brain’s way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesn’t become too full. What does the passage say about forgetting？
A、It can enlarge our brain capacity.
B、It helps get rid of negative memories.
C、It is a way of organizing our memories.
D、It should not cause any alarm in any way.
A.been worried in
B.been concerned in
C.been pessimistic about
D.been optimistic about
A．mainly；than
B．either；or
C．very much；not
D．more of；than
Biologists today don’t expect that anyone will find a magical fountain of youth.Growing older is a natural part of the life cycle that can’t be reversed.As human beings grow older, organs such as the heart and lungs may stop functioning properly.Sight and hearing may become weak.And the human body becomes more likely to come down with serious illnesses from which it cannot recover.
Considered together, changes that bring about the decline of an organism are called aging.Because of aging, many biologists believe that there may be a maximum age limit to which even the healthiest organisms can live.For human beings, this maximum age limit is about 110 years.
Perhaps the most important thing that you can learn from your study of human biology is that you have a lot of control over the aging process in your own life.In fact, within our control are many physical and mental factors that have much to do with aging.For example, each of us, as recent research indicates, can do many things to help prevent heart and vessel disease, which causes half the death each year in the United States.We can avoid eating a lot of fatty meat.Eating too much of these types of animal fats can lead to the clogging and hardening of blood vessels.We can cut back on smoking and hopefully quit entirely.We can limit the amount of alcohol we drink and the amount of sugar we eat.We can exercise regularly and strengthen the heart and other organs.And we can remember to take time out each day for ourselves, time just relax.Exercise, recreation and relaxation all reduce stress – inner tension that is hard on all body organs.
One final thing we can do is to try to keep aware of advances made in health education.Information is often available free of charge from health clinics or schools.
1.Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States？
A.Heart disease.
B.Cancer
C.Alcohol
D.Smoking
2.What happens as people grow older？
A.They dream of a magic pill to help them live a happy and long life
B.They come down with serious illnesses
C.Their organs become weak and may stop working properly
D.Their blood vessels become clogged
3.In the opinion of biologists, _________.
A.the aging process can be reversed
B.the aging process can be controlled and slowed down
C.the aging process can be got rid of
D.the aging process can go beyond its limit
4.We can slow down the weakening of all our body organs by ______.
A.not eating animal fat
B.limiting drinking and smoking
C.exercise, recreation and relaxation to reduce stress
D.preventing the clogging and hardening of blood vessels
5.Besides physical and mental factors, which of the following also contributes to living a long and healthy life according tot the passage？
A.Health education
B.Traditional medicine
C.artificial organs
D.The invention of magic pills
The suggestion made by the committee is to solve the problem that ______.
A．there is not enough space for building cities on land
B．land transportation has become increasingly difficult
C．there are too many people on land
D．present cities are heavily polluted by cars and other vehicles
Actually, soaps are more than a college favorite; they're a youth favorite.When school is out, high-school students are in front of their TV sets.One young working woman admitted that she turned down a higher paying job rather than give up watching her favorite serials.During the 1960's, it was uncommon for young people to watch soap operas.The mood of the sixties was very different from now.It was a time of seriousness, and talk was about social issues of great importance.
Now, seriousness has been replaced by fun.Young people want to be happy.It may seem strange that they should turn to soap opera, which is known for showing trouble in people's lives.But soap opera is enjoyment.Young people can identify with the soap opera character, who, like the college-age viewer, is looking for happy love, and probably not finding it.And soap opera gives young people a chance to feel close to people without having to bear any responsibility for their problems.
36.What is soap opera？ ()
A.Plays based on science fiction stories
B.Plays based on non-fiction stories
C.The daytime serial dramas on TV
D.Popular documentary films on TV
37.What can be the best title of the passage？ ()
A.College student viewers
B.Favorite TV serials
C.Soap opera fans
D.College-age viewers
38.Which is not the reason why the soap opera suddenly becomes "in" according to the passage？ ()
A.Because the viewers want to be happy and to enjoy themselves
B.Because the soap opera makes young people feel close to their people
C.Because the viewers can find themselves in the soap opera characters
D.Because the young people have to bear the responsibilities for their troubles
39.What can we learn from the passage？()
A.College students like soap operas more than any other social groups
B.Young people of sixties liked soap operas more than people today
C.Young viewers have turned themselves from the seriousness of sixties to enjoyment now
D.The young as a whole are trying to look for happy love but in vain
40.What message does the author want to convey to us？()
A.The people's favor toward drama works has been changed for a long time
B.The people's favor toward drama works changes along with the times
C.The people's favor toward drama works is changed by the soap opera
D.The people's favor has changed the drama works
Yet, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it.And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is.That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about.It is the story of someone who tries to look as rich and as successful as his neighbors.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American by the name of Arthur Momand.He told this story about himself: he began earning $125 a week at the age of 23.That was a lot of money in those days.Young Momand was very proud of his riches.He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City.But just moving there was not enough.When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horse riding every day.When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.
It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up.Momand and his wife could not do that.
The race ended for them when they could no longer pay for their new way of life.They left their wealthy neighborhood and moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with their neighbors.He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories.He called it “keeping up with the Joneses”, because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States.“Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with the people around you.Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
Every city has an area where people want to live because others will think better of them if they do.And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world.But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses, because no matter what one does, Mr.Jones always seems to be ahead.
1.The writer of the selection believes ().
A.anyone in the United States can become rich
B.anyone in the United Sates can become rich if he works hard and has some good luck
C.he can become rich in the future
D.many people in the United States think anyone can become rich if he works hard and has some good luck
2.Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because ().
A.they want to be as rich as their neighbors
B.they want to be happy
C.they don’t want others to know they are rich
D.they want others to know or to think that they are rich
3.It can be inferred from the story that rich people ().
A.like to live in apartments
B.like to live in New York City
C.like to live outside New York City
D.like to have many neighbors
4.Arthur Momand used the name “Jones” in his series of short stories because Jones is ().
A.an important name
B.his neighbor’s name
C.a popular name in the United States
D.not a good name
5.According to the writer, it is ().
A.correct to keep up with the Joneses
B.interesting to keep up with the Joneses
C.impossible to keep up with the Joneses
D.good to keep up with the Joneses
Developing reliable software on time and within(1)represents a difficult endeavor for many organizations.Usually business solutions have three main aspects: people,(2), and technology. The maion reason for failing software projects has little to do with technology and tools, and much to do with lack of process(3). Experience has shown that introducing new technology and tools in an immature or undisciplined environment is likely to increase the chaos. CASE tools are not enough. "A fool with a tool is still a fool!"Structured method was the first wave of the software industry. This was the beginning of transforming software development from a"(4)) industry" to mass production. Software process movement if the second wave in the software industry. The process maturity movement prepares the way for the third wave of the software industry:" software industrialization". Software development will become like an assembly and manufacturing process. A critical enabling factor is a disciplined software engineering process with predictable quality,(5)and functionality.
A．forecast
B．preparation
C．budget
D．economy
