题目内容
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A child of ten who is two years retarded has a mental age of ______.
A．nine
B．ten
C．eight
D．twelve
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Time Pattern in America
A．Susan Anthony has an eight-to-five job with two 15-minute coffee breaks， a one-hour lunch break， scheduled appointments and weekly deadlines. Every time she enters and leaves her office building she "punches" the clock. Although she is not aware of it， her workday is strongly influenced by her culture"s attitudes toward time.
B．When travellers lack an awareness of how time is regulated in a foreign country， they can expect to feel somewhat confused. Since most people take time for granted， the effects of values， customs， and social manners on the use of time are seldom examined. A culture that values achievement and progress will discourage people from "wasting" time. Highly efficient business people from these cultures may feel frustrated in a country where work proceeds at a low pace. In religious societies， customs specify times of the day， week， or year for prayer and religious celebrations. If an individual tries to make an appointment during a sacred holiday， he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social manners determine appropriate times for visits， meetings， and even phone calls. Arriving two hours late for an appointment may be acceptable in one culture， whereas in another， keeping someone waiting fifteen minutes may be considered rude.
C．Promptness is important in American business， academic and social settings. The importance of punctuality is taught to young children in school. Slow slips and the use of bells signal to the child that punctuality and time itself are to be respected. An amusing report of a schoolchild"s experience with time appeared in a recent newspaper article: As a child， my mother used to tell me how crucial it was to be at school when the first bell rang. Preparation for my "on-time" appearance began the night before. I was directed to go to bed early so I could wake up wide-eyed at 7 a.m. with enough time to get ready. Although I usually managed to watch my share of TV cartoons， I knew that in one hour I had to get dressed， eat breakfast， brush my teeth， comb my hair， and be on my way to school or I would be violating an important rule of Mum"s， the school"s， or of the world"s. It was hard to tell which.
D．People who keep appointments are considered dependable. If people are late tojob interviews， appointments， or classes， they are often viewed as unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world， "time is money" and companies may fine their executives for slowness to business meetings. Of course， it is not always possible to be punctual. Social and business etiquette also provides rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going to be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend waiting beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other hand， arriving thirty minutes late to some parties is acceptable.
E. Respecting deadlines is also important in academic and professional circles. It is expected that deadlines for class assignments or business reports will be met. Students who hand in assignments late may be surprised to find that the professor will lower their grades or even refuse to grade their work. Whether it is a question of arriving on time or of meeting a deadline， people are culturally conditioned to regulate time.
F. Time is "tangible （有行资产）": one can "gain time"， "spend time"， "waste time"， "save time"， or even "kill time"! Common questions in American English reveal this concrete quality as though time were a possession. "Do you have time？Can you make some time for this？" "How much free time do you have？" The treatment of time as a possession influences the way time is carefully divided.
G. Generally， Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. In businesses the careful scheduling of time and the separation of activities are common practices. Appointment calendars are printed with 15-，30-， and 60-minute time slots. A 2:30-3:00 interview may end in time for a brief break before 3:15-4:00 meeting. The idea that "there is a time and place for everything" extends to American social life. Visitors who "drop by" without prior notice may interrupt their host"s persona! time. Thus， calling friends on the telephone before visitingthem is generally preferred to visitors" "dropping by". To accommodate other people"s schedules， Americans make business plans and social engagements several days or weeks in advance.
H. Cultures tend to favour either a past， present， or future orientation with regard to time. A future orientation， including a preference for change， is characteristic of American culture. The society encourages people to look to the future rather than to the past.
Technological， social and artistic trends change rapidly and affect people"s lifestyles and the relationships. Given this inclination toward change， it is not surprising that tradition plays a limited role in the American culture. Those who try to support traditional patterns of living or thought may be seen as rigid or "old-fashioned". In a society where change is so rapid， it is not uncommon for every generation to experience a "generation gap". Sometimes parents struggle to understand the values of their children. Even religious institutions have had to adapt to contemporary needs of their followers. Folk singers in church services， women religious leaders， slang versions of the Bible， all reflect attempts made by traditional institutions to "keep up with the times".
I. High rates of change， particularly in urban areas， have contributed to a focus on the future rather than the past or present. Some Americans believe that the benefits of the future orientation are achievement and progress which enable them to have a high standard of living. Others believe that high blood pressure and stomach ulcers are the results of such a lifestyle. As individuals in a culture， we all have an intuitive （直觉的） understanding about how time is regulated. Usually we do not think about the concept of time until we interact with others who have a different time orientation. Although individuals from any two cultures may view time similarly， we often sense that in another culture， life seems to proceed either at a slower or faster pace. Knowing how time is regulated， divided and perceived can provide valuable insights into individuals and their cultures.
Tradition plays a limited role in the American culture because Americans prefer rapidchanges.
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61.Which of the following mistakes are parents likely to make according to the passage？
A.To neglect their child’s education.
B.To help their child to be a genius.
C.To expect too much of their child.
D.To make their child become a musician.
62.What should parents do in order to help their children succeed？A.They should push the children into achieving a lot.
B.They should try to have their own successful careers.
C.They should arrange private lessons for their children.
D.They should understand and help their children in difficult times.
63.Which of the following statements about Michael Lee’s parents is true？
A.His father is a very poor player of trumpet.
B.His parents are quite rich and have a car.
C.His parents help him in a proper way.
D.His mother knows much about music.
64.Winston’s parents push their son so much that __________.
A.he has succeeded in a lot of competitions
B.he is unhappy because he is not self-confident
C.he feels he cannot learn anything about music from them
D.he has already become a better musician than his father
65.The two examples illustrate the principle that __________.
A.successful parents often have unsuccessful children
B.it is important to let children develop in the way they want
C.parents who want their child to be musical should also be good musicians
D.the more money spent on a child’s education, the better the child will do
A、transplanted
B、transported
C、transformed
D、translated
The IQ test has been eclipsed in turn. Most people studying intelligence and creativity in the new millennium now prefer a broader definition, using a multifaceted approach where talents in many areas are recognized rather than purely concentrating on academic achievement. If we are therefore assuming that talented, creative or gifted individuals may need to be assessed across a range of abilities, does this mean intelligence can run in families as a genetic or inherited tendency？ Mental dysfunction such as schizophrenia(精神分裂症)-- can, so is an efficient mental capacity passed on from parent to child？
Animal experiments throw some light on this question, and 'on the whole area of whether it is genetics, the environment or a combination of the two that allows for intelligence and creative ability. Different strains of rats show great differences in intelligence or 'rat reasoning'. If these are brought up in normal Conditions and then run through a maze to reach a food goal, the 'bright' strain make far fewer wrong turns that the 'dull' ones. But if the environment is made dull and boring the number of errors becomes equal. Return the rats to an exciting maze and the discrepancy returns as before -- but is much smaller. In other words, a dull rat in a stimulating environment will almost do as well as a bright rat who is bored in a normal one. This principle applies to humans too -- someone may be born with inborn intelligence, but their environment probably has the final say over whether they become creative or even a genius.
Evidence now exists that most young children, if given enough opportunities and encouragement, are able to achieve significant and sustainable levels of ~academic or sporting prowess. Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time, and so may receive more parental attention as a result almost by default -- in order to ensure their safety. They may also talk earlier, and this, in turn, breeds parental interest. This can sometimes cause problems with other siblings(兄弟姊妹)who may feel jealous even though they themselves may be bright. Their creative talents may be undervalued and so never come to fruition(实现). Two themes seem to run through famously creative families as a result. The first is that' the parents were able to identify the talents of each child, and nurture and encourage these accordingly but in an even-handed manner. Individual differences were encouraged, and friendly sibling rivalry was not seen as a particular problem. If the father is, say, a famous actor, there is no undue pressure for his children to follow him onto the boards, but instead their chosen interests are encouraged. There need not even by any obvious talent in such a family since there always needs to be someone who sets the family career in motion, as in the case of the Sheen acting dynasty.
Martin Sheen was the seventh of ten children born to a Spanish immigrant father and an Irish mother. Despite intense parental disapproval he turned his back on entrance exams to university and borrowed cash from a local priest to start a fledgling(乳臭小儿)acting career. His acting successes in films such as Badlands and Apocalypse Now made him one of the most highly-regarded actors of the 1970S. Three sons -- Emilio Estevez,' Ramon Estevez a
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
A、attend to
B、apply to
C、appeal to
D、add to
The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water.As a result, the passenger was held up to take his medicine.Thirty minutes later, when the passenger's ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.
In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not.But the passenger never answered a word.
When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passengers' booklet.She was very sad.She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.
Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it.“On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all.How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles？”
That's right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person？
26.The passenger wants a cup of water because he is thirsty.()
27.The air hostess forgot to give him the water on purpose.()
28.The passenger refused the cup of water she brought finally.()
29.The passenger didn't write any sharp words in the booklet.()
30.This passage tells us that a sincere smile brings no use in certain cases.()
The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up to take his medicine. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger's ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.
In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word.
When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passengers' booklet. She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.
Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it. “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles？”
That's right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person？
操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”;句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。
A passenger wants a cup of water because he is thirsty.
The air hostess forgot to give him the water on purpose.
The passenger refused the cup of water.
The passenger didn't write down any sharp words.
This passage tells us that a sincere smile is of no use.
