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() , some quality management system failures do make headlines.
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更多“() , some quality management s…”相关的问题
A.standards
B.levels
C.condition
D.quality
Developing reliable software on time and within(106)represents a difficult endeavor for many organizations.Usually business solutions have three main aspects: people,(107), and technology. The main reason for failing software projects has little to do with .technology and tools, and much to do with lack of process(108). Experience has shown that introducing new technology and tools in an immature or undisciplined environment is likely to increase the chaos. CASE tools are not enough. "A fool with a tool is still a fool!"Structured method was the first wave of the software industry. This was the beginning of transforming software development from a"(109)industry to mass production. Software process movement if the second wave in the software industry. The process maturity movement prepares the way for the third wave of the software industry: "software industrialization". Software development will become like an assembly and manufacturing process. A critical enabling factor is a disciplined software engineering process with predictable quality,(110)and functionality.
A．forecast
B．preparation
C．budget
D．economy
Activity Based Costing(ABC) is an(66)technique that allows an organization to determine the actual(67)associated with each product and service produced by the organization without regard to the organizational structure. This chapter explains some of the uses and benefits of Activity Based Costing. We use IDEFO(68)modeling in conjunction with ABC to enable more effective business(69) design decisions.In order to achieve the major goals of business process improvement, process simplifica- tion and improvement, FAA managers need to fully understand the cost, time, and quality of activities performed by employees or machines throughout an entire organization. ABC methods enable(70) to cost out measurements to business simplification and process improvement.
A．computing
B．campaigning
C．programming
D．accounting
Activity Based Costing(ABC) is an(126)technique that allows an organization to determine the actual(127)associated with each product and service produced by the organization without regard to the organizational structure. This chapter explains some of the uses and benefits of Activity Based Costing. We use IDEFO(128)modeling in conjunction with ABC to enable more effective business(129)design decisions.In order to achieve the major goals of business process improvement, process simplification and improvement, FAA managers need to fully understand the cost, time, and quality of activities performed by employees or machines throughout an entire organization. ABC methods enable(130)to cost out measurements to business simplification and process improvement.
A．computing
B．campaigning
C．programming
D．accounting
听力原文：W: So what are the two main times of the day that you watch TV？
M: Well, a little around breakfast time and then it tends to be really late— eleven or even midnight—when I've finished work.
W: And what sort of programs do you go for？
M: Some news bulletins but I also really like to put my feet up with some of the old comedy shows.
W: Fine. And turning to the new channel...which type of programs would you like to see more of？
M: Well, I certainly don't think we need any more factual programs like news and documentaries. I think we need more about things like local in formation...you know, providing a service for the community. And in the same vein, perhaps more for younger viewers...you know, good quality stuff.
W: Ah ha. And if you had to give the new directors some specific advice when they set up the channel, what advice would you give theme
M: I think I'd advice them to pay more attention to the quality of the actual broadcast, you know, the sound system. They ought to do lots more of these kinds of interview, you know, talking with their potential customers.
W: Oh, I'm glad you think it's valuable!
M: Certainly...yeah.
W: Good. Ok, this will be a commercial channel of course, but how often do you think it is tolerable to have adverts？
M: Well out of that list I'd say every quarter of an hour. I don't think we can complain about that, as long as they don't last for ten minutes each time!
W: Quite. And…would you be willing to attend any of our special promotions for the new channel？
M: Yes, I'd be very happy to, as long as they're held here in my area.
W: Thank you very much for your time.
(23)
A．Local news and children's programs.
B．Children's programs and local service programs.
C．Documentaries and news.
D．Documentaries and movies.
Currently the Pentium chip or(71), made by(72), is the most common CPU though there are many other companies that produce processors for personal computers. One example is the CPU made by Motorola which is used in Apple computers. With faster processors the clock speed becomes more important. Compared to some of the first computers which operated at below 30 megahertz((73))the Pentium chips began at 75 megahertz in the late 1990g. As of mid 2003 speeds now exceed 3000 + megahertz or 3 gigahertz(check your local computer store for the latest speed). It depends on the(74)that the chip is housed in, or the(75), as to whether you are able to upgrade to a faster chip. The motherboard contains the circuitry and connections that allow the various component to communicate with each other.
A．processing
B．professional
C．processor
D．producer
The markup may be quite high 90 percent of cost or it may be low. Grocery items in a supermarket usually have a low markup, while mink coast have a very high one. High markups, however, do not in themselves guarantee big profits. Profits come from turnover. If an item has a 50 percent markup and does not sell, there is no profit. But if a cereal has an 8 percent markup and sells very well, there are reasonable profits.
While most pricing is based on cost factors, there are some exceptions. Prestige pricing means setting prices artificially high in order to attract select clientele. Such pricing attempts to suggest that the quality or style. of the product is exceptional or that the item cannot be found elsewhere. Stores can use prestige pricing to attract wealthy shoppers.
Leader pricing and bait pricing are the opposites of prestige pricing. Leader pricing means setting low prices on certain items to get people to come into the stores. The products so priced are called loss leaders because little or no profit can be made on them. The profits are made from other products people buy while in the store. Bait pricing, now generally considered illegal, means setting artificially low prices to attract customers. The store, however, has no intention of selling goods at the bait prices. The point is to get people into the store and persuade them of the inferiority of the low-priced item. Then a higher-priced item is presented as a better alternative.
A common retail tactic is odd priced products. For some products of $300, the store will set the price at $295 or $299.95 to give the appearance of a lower price. Automobiles and other high-priced products are usually priced in this manner. For some reason $7995 has more appeal to a potential car customer than $8000.
Bid pricing is a special kind of price setting. It is often used in the awarding of government contracts. Several companies are asked to submit bids on a job, and normally the lowest bidder wins. A school system may want to buy a large number of computers. Several companies are asked to submit prices, and the school district will decide on the best bid based as well on considerations of quality and service.
What is the base of selling price？
A．the cost of production
B．a percentage of total cost
C．the cost of transportation
D．the cost of storage.
The markup may be quite high 90 percent of cost or it may be low. Grocery items in a supermarket usually have a low markup, while mink cost have a very high one. High markups, however, do not in themselves guarantee big profits. Profits come from turnover. If an item has a 50 percent markup and does not sell, there is no profit. But if a cereal has an 8 percent markup and sells very well, there are reasonable profits.
While most pricing is based on cost factors, there are some exceptions. Prestige pricing means setting prices artificially high in order to attract select clientele. Such pricing attempts to suggest that the quality or style. of the product is exceptional or that the item cannot be found elsewhere. Stores can use prestige pricing to attract wealthy shoppers.
Leader pricing and bait pricing are the opposites of prestige pricing. Leader pricing means setting low prices on certain items to get people to come into the stores. The products so priced are called loss leaders because little or no profit can be made on them. The profits are made from other products people buy while in the store. Bait pricing, now generally considered illegal, means setting artificially low prices to attract customers. The store, however, has no intention of selling goods at the bait prices. The point is to get people into the store and persuade them of the inferiority of the low-priced item. Then a higher priced item is presented as a better alternative.
A common retail tactic is odd priced products. For some products of $300, the store will set the price at $295 or $299.95 to give the appearance of a lower price. Automobiles and other high-priced products are usually priced in this manner. For some reason $7995 has more appear to a potential car customer than $8000.
Bid pricing is a special kind of price setting. It is often used in the awarding of government contracts. Several companies are asked to submit bids on a job, and normally the lowest bidder wins. A school system may want to buy a large number of computers. Several companies are asked to submit prices, and the school district will decide on the best bid based as well on considerations of quality and service.
We learn from the second paragraph, ______.
A．reducing cost is the surest way to increase profits
B．profits depend on how fast goods are moving
C．fair markup promise the greatest profits
D．lower markup brings reasonable profits
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.
According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.
A．advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas
B．it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio
C．the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons
D．it is controlled by radio companies
（71）
A. object models
B. prototypes
C. use cases
D. components
（72）
A. eXtreme programming
B. model driven
C. reverse engineering
D. agile method
（73）
A. existing database and application program
B. application program and user interface
C. existing database and user interface
D. existing database, application program and user interface
（74）
A. requirement discovery
B. business process redesign
C. cause-and-effect analysis
D. total quality management
（75）
A. Continuous process improvement
B. Joint requirements planning
C. Fact-finding
D. Structured engineering
